################################################################################ CO2 INJECTION IN A 2D-LAYERED BRINE FORMATION The problem is from the paper: Pruess, K. et al. 2004. Code Intercomparison Builds Confidence in Numerical Simulation Models for Geologic Disposal of CO2. Energy, 29(9-10): 1431-1444. DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.077. See description at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.077; http://esd1.lbl.gov/files/research/projects/tough/ documentation/TOUGH2-ECO2N_V2.0_Users_Guide.pdf Note: According to the formulation of the problem, the permeability at the interface between every two grid blocks is upstream weighted. MUFITS uses a harmonic weighted permeability which is a conventional approximation for an industrial simulator. Therefore, we redefine the permeability in the vertical direction by the MULTZ- multiplier assuming that the flow is in the upward direction. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Last update on 12.11.2015 Program Version: 2015.G01 RUNSPEC ################### RUNSPEC section begins here ###################### METRIC ^^^^^^^^^^^^ We use METRIC units ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Note, this keywords affects the units in many keywords below. GASSTORE ^^^^^^ We switch the program to the GASSTORE EOS module ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ We enable NACL - salt component; CO2-SEQ - CO2 component; WATER - water component; DISGAS - CO2 dissolution in brine; VAPWAT - water vapour in the gas phase. CAPPRES We enable capillary pressure. ISOTHERM We use the Isothermal modelling option. FAST We use FAST option. START The date of beginning of the CO2 1 OCT 1996 / injection is 01 october, 1996. AUXARRAY We enable 2 auxiliary arrays #ELEVTN / - elevation; #XCOORD / - x coordinate. / Both arrays will be defined in the GRID section. GRAVITY The gravity acceleration is 9.81 m/sec^2 9.81 / GRID ##################### GRID section begins here ####################### The grid is specified within brackets MAKE-ENDMAKE MAKE <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< -- cartesian We select Cartesian gridding -- grid nx ny nz option and specify the number of CART 29 1 34 / grid blocks along every axis. XYZBOUND 2* 0 1 858 1000 / The top surface of the formation is at the depth 858 meters. The number 1000 is redefined using the following keyword DZV. The domain extension along axis Oy is 1 meter. DXV 1 1 2 4 4 8 15 20 30 40 50 50 100 150 50 150 300 50 475 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 1E-3 / Here, we specify the extensions of the grid blocks along axis Ox. DZV 3 6 12 6 3 3 3 6 12 6 3 3 3 6 12 6 3 3 3 6 12 6 3 3 3 6 12 6 2.5 1 2.5 6 6 7 / Here, we specify the thickness of every layer. SRCSPECG 'INJECTOR' 1 1 30 / The injection well is modelled by a / point source (named INJECTOR) which is located in the grid block i=1, j=1, k=30. ENDMAKE >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> EQUALS By default, the SATNUM number is 1 in SATNUM 2 4* 2*6 / all grid blocks. Here, we equal SATNUM SATNUM 2 4* 2*12 / to 2 in the shale layers which are SATNUM 2 4* 2*18 / k=6; k=12; k=18 and k=24. SATNUM 2 4* 2*24 / / EQUALREG -- -------- -------- -------- -------- We equal porosity to PORO 0.35 SATNUM 1 / - 0.35 in the sand layers; PORO 0.1025 SATNUM 2 / - 0.1025 in the shales. -- -------- -------- -------- -------- / EQUALREG -- -------- -------- -------- -------- We equal permeability to PERMX 3000 SATNUM 1 / - 3000 mD in the sand layers (X-dir) PERMZ 3000 SATNUM 1 / - 3000 mD in the sand layers (Z-dir) PERMX 10 SATNUM 2 / - 10 mD in the shales (X-dir) PERMZ 3000 SATNUM 2 / - 3000 mD in the shales (Z-dir) MULTZ- 0.0033333 SATNUM 2 / - we multiply the above value by -- -------- -------- -------- -------- 0.003333. / MULTIPLY We multiply permeability by 0.9869 thus PERMX 0.9869 / converting units from mD to m^2. PERMZ 0.9869 / / EQUALS ACTNUM 2 2*29 / We fix parameters in the boundary / grid blocks i=29. COPY ZCOORD #ELEVTN / XCOORD #XCOORD / Here, we define the values of two / auxiliary arrays which are used for ADD data output. #ELEVTN 1042 / / RPTGRID We report these properties from the PORO PERMX PERMZ ACTNUM SATNUM / GRID section. PROPS ####################### PROPS section begins here #################### INCLUDE We load the properties of CO2 from 'CO2TAB.METRIC.INC' / include file. Rock properties are specified within brackets ROCK-ENDROCK ROCK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< / ROCKDH The rock density is 2600 kg/m3, and the 2600 0.92 / heat capacity is 0.92 kJ/kg/K. These numbers do not affect the simulation since it is running in the Isothermal mode. ENDROCK >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> SATOPT We use a different method for 2* 1 / interpolation of relative permeabilities The relative permeabilities and capillary pressure are specified within brackets SAT-ENDSAT SAT <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< / Here, we specify the saturation functions for the region SATNUM=1, i.e. for the sand layers. SGLF -- sgas krgas krliq pcgl 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 1.000000000000 0.000000000000 / 0.000001000000 0.000000000000 0.987479385400 0.000000000000 / 0.000010000000 0.000000000000 0.968695014700 0.000000000000 / 0.000100000000 0.000000000000 0.922270476300 0.000000000000 / 0.001000000000 0.000000000000 0.810412236900 0.000000000000 / 0.005000000000 0.000000000000 0.655485851400 0.002598035231 / 0.010000000000 0.000000000000 0.560372644900 0.004254391500 / 0.020000000000 0.000000000000 0.446701011000 0.006751168135 / 0.030000000000 0.000000000000 0.372772184500 0.008820526801 / 0.050000000000 0.000000000000 0.275111549000 0.012425808540 / 0.051000000000 0.000000004738 0.271296445200 0.012595260470 / 0.052000000000 0.000000037875 0.267557283600 0.012763989140 / 0.055000000000 0.000000590617 0.256771407600 0.013266131240 / 0.060000000000 0.000004709136 0.240105789900 0.014091145200 / 0.075000000000 0.000072839506 0.198049174000 0.016501192060 / 0.100000000000 0.000572839507 0.146500089300 0.020408807050 / 0.150000000000 0.004424691356 0.082996814130 0.028285745690 / 0.200000000000 0.014400000000 0.047583886410 0.036787448310 / 0.250000000000 0.032869135810 0.026991883090 0.046453149880 / 0.300000000000 0.061728395060 0.014912902340 0.057894785670 / 0.350000000000 0.102400000000 0.007909588050 0.071951695230 / 0.400000000000 0.155832098800 0.003962729625 0.089897683190 / 0.450000000000 0.222498765400 0.001837449554 0.113817678700 / 0.500000000000 0.302400000000 0.000766497053 0.147393851800 / 0.550000000000 0.395061728400 0.000275630707 0.197750575000 / 0.600000000000 0.499535802400 0.000079621867 0.280452234600 / 0.650000000000 0.614400000000 0.000016203809 0.436070193400 / 0.700000000000 0.737758024800 0.000001732079 0.805851789800 / 0.750000000000 0.867239506100 0.000000038169 2.285560899000 / 0.770000000000 0.920125440000 0.000000002298 4.919830283000 / 0.780000000000 0.946704086800 0.000000000247 9.039249414000 / 0.785000000000 0.960015840000 0.000000000051 13.917259450000 / 0.788000000000 0.968008126500 0.000000000015 19.450202320000 / 0.790000000000 0.973338042500 0.000000000005 25.568110170000 / 0.792000000000 0.978669080900 0.000000000002 35.732680940000 / 0.793000000000 0.981334951900 0.000000000001 43.657037670000 / 0.794000000000 0.984001019900 0.000000000000 55.014231000000 / 0.794500000000 0.985334119200 0.000000000000 62.684207110000 / 0.795000000000 0.986667257200 0.000000000000 72.318162360000 / 0.795300000000 0.987467157300 0.000000000000 79.351605310000 / 0.795500000000 0.988000430700 0.000000000000 84.700076910000 / 0.795700000000 0.988533709200 0.000000000000 90.677587800000 / 0.795850000000 0.988933671300 0.000000000000 95.638012850000 / 0.795971600000 0.989257909100 0.000000000000 100.0 / 0.8 1.0 0.0 100.0 / / By using the SGLF keyword we define the relative permeability of gas (krgas), the relative permeability of brine (krliq), the capillary pressure (pcgl) as the functions of the gas saturation (sgas). SSFN -- ssol krf We define the reduction factor for 0.0 1.0 / the rock permeability (krf) as the 0.5 1.0 / the faction of the solid phase 1.0 0.0 / saturation (ssol). Since krf=1 for / small ssol the precipitation of salt does not affect the relative permeabilities of the fluid phases. ENDSAT >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> SAT <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 2 / Here, we specify the saturation functions for the region SATNUM=1, i.e. shales. SGLF -- sgas krgas krliq pcgl 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 1.000000000000 0.000000000000 / 0.000001000000 0.000000000000 0.987479385400 0.000000000000 / 0.000010000000 0.000000000000 0.968695014700 0.000000000000 / 0.000100000000 0.000000000000 0.922270476300 0.000000000000 / 0.001000000000 0.000000000000 0.810412236900 0.000000000000 / 0.005000000000 0.000000000000 0.655485851400 0.044993906240 / 0.010000000000 0.000000000000 0.560372644900 0.073679405870 / 0.020000000000 0.000000000000 0.446701011000 0.116919671600 / 0.030000000000 0.000000000000 0.372772184500 0.152757726700 / 0.050000000000 0.000000000000 0.275111549000 0.215195566900 / 0.051000000000 0.000000004738 0.271296445200 0.218130209300 / 0.052000000000 0.000000037875 0.267557283600 0.221052326000 / 0.055000000000 0.000000590617 0.256771407600 0.229748641600 / 0.060000000000 0.000004709136 0.240105789900 0.244036592800 / 0.075000000000 0.000072839506 0.198049174000 0.285774834600 / 0.100000000000 0.000572839507 0.146500089300 0.353448613700 / 0.150000000000 0.004424691356 0.082996814130 0.489864869500 / 0.200000000000 0.014400000000 0.047583886410 0.637101060100 / 0.250000000000 0.032869135810 0.026991883090 0.804495891800 / 0.300000000000 0.061728395060 0.014912902340 1.002647126000 / 0.350000000000 0.102400000000 0.007909588050 1.246090811000 / 0.400000000000 0.155832098800 0.003962729625 1.556887251000 / 0.450000000000 0.222498765400 0.001837449554 1.971144157000 / 0.500000000000 0.302400000000 0.000766497053 2.552630952000 / 0.550000000000 0.395061728400 0.000275630707 3.424730628000 / 0.600000000000 0.499535802400 0.000079621867 4.856994007000 / 0.650000000000 0.614400000000 0.000016203809 7.552053629000 / 0.700000000000 0.737758024800 0.000001732079 13.956092450000 / 0.730000000000 0.814883524000 0.000000243083 23.876580870000 / 0.740000000000 0.840983040000 0.000000104078 30.101074860000 / 0.750000000000 0.867239506100 0.000000038169 39.582339580000 / 0.755000000000 0.880419040000 0.000000021379 46.365704030000 / 0.758000000000 0.888341397500 0.000000014627 51.424821340000 / 0.760000000000 0.893628649900 0.000000011184 55.331915820000 / 0.763000000000 0.901567542900 0.000000007284 62.199801390000 / 0.765000000000 0.906865183100 0.000000005365 67.609094800000 / 0.768000000000 0.914818697200 0.000000003277 77.339833350000 / 0.769000000000 0.917471646000 0.000000002752 81.113294900000 / 0.770000000000 0.920125440000 0.000000002298 85.203764680000 / 0.772000000000 0.925435459500 0.000000001572 94.496320770000 / 0.773035000000 0.928184612100 0.000000001278 100.0 / 0.8 1.0 0.0 100.0 / / By using the SGLF keyword we define the relative permeability of gas (krgas), the relative permeability of brine (krliq), the capillary pressure (pcgl) as the functions of the gas saturation (sgas). SSFN -- ssol krf We define the reduction factor for 0.0 1.0 / the rock permeability (krf) as the 0.5 1.0 / the faction of the solid phase 1.0 0.0 / saturation (ssol). Since krf=1 for / small ssol the precipitation of salt does not affect the relative permeabilities of the fluid phases. ENDSAT >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> RPTSATTA We report the realtive permeabilities 1 1* 1000 / for the SATNUM=1 region. RPTSATTA We report the relative permeabilities 2 1* 1000 / for the SATNUM=2 region. INIT ####################### INIT section begins here ##################### The initial equilibrium is specified within brackets EQL-ENDEQL EQL <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< / EQUILGS -- -------- -------- -------- -- datum datum GWC -- depth pressure depth -- -------- -------- -------- 1020 110 500 / -- -------- -------- -------- Using the keyword EQUILGS we specify that - pressure is 110 bar at the injection point at depth 1020 meters; - gas-water contact is above the top layer (at depth 500 m). TEMPCVD 800 37 / We specify that the temperature is 37C in the formation. 1000 37 / / XGMVD 800 4.54104E-4 / We specify that the initial gas mass fraction in brine 1000 4.54104E-4 / is 4.54104E-4. / XSMVD 800 0.032 / We specify that the initial salt mass fraction in 1000 0.032 / brine is 0.032. / YWMVD 800 0.0 / We specify that the initial water mass fraction in gas 1000 0.0 / is 0 (this data must be specified because the datum depth / differs from the GWC depth). ENDEQL >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> EQUALNAM We specify that the injected CO2 PRES 110 INJECTOR / temperature is 37C at 110 bar. TEMPC 37 / SGAS 1.0 / YWM 0.0 / No water vapour in gas. / RPTSUM PRES TEMPC XGM YWM SLIQ SGAS XSM SSOL FLUX#1 FLUX#2 #ELEVTN #XCOORD PCWG / We report these properties for the grid blocks. RPTSRC We report these properties for the SMIR#2 SMIT#2 / INJECTOR. RPTFIELD We report these properties for the FGIPM FGIPGM FGIPLM / field (formation). SCHEDULE #################### SCHEDULE section begins here ################### REPORTS NOTHING / No reports in LOG file. VARS PRES DMAX 30 / Maximum pressure change is 30 bars. / ILUTFILL Parameters of the linear solver. 3 / ILUTDROP 1E-3 / SRCINJE We specify that the injection rate is 'INJECTOR' MASS 1* 200 1* 13.6944 / 13.6944 ton/day=0.1585 kg/sec. The / maximum pressure in the "well" grid block (1,1,30) is 200 bars (this value is not reached during the simulation). TUNING The maximal time step is 2.5 days. 1* 2.5 / TIME 0.001 0.0025 0.005 0.0075 0.01 0.015 0.025 0.05 0.075 0.1 0.15 0.25 0.5 0.75 / We report parameters at these times since beginning of the injection. DATES 2 OCT 1996 / 3 OCT 1996 / 4 OCT 1996 / 6 OCT 1996 / 8 OCT 1996 / 15 OCT 1996 / 23 OCT 1996 / 1 NOV 1996 / 8 NOV 1996 / 15 NOV 1996 / 23 NOV 1996 / 1 DEC 1996 / 8 DEC 1996 / We report parameters at these 15 DEC 1996 / dates. The total simulation 23 DEC 1996 / time is 2 years. 1 JAN 1997 / 15 JAN 1997 / 1 FEB 1997 / 15 FEB 1997 / 1 MAR 1997 / 15 MAR 1997 / 1 APR 1997 / 1 MAY 1997 / 1 JUN 1997 / 1 JUL 1997 / 1 AUG 1997 / 1 SEP 1997 / 1 OCT 1997 / 1 NOV 1997 / 1 DEC 1997 / 1 JAN 1998 / 1 FEB 1998 / 1 MAR 1998 / 1 APR 1998 / 1 MAY 1998 / 1 JUN 1998 / 1 JUL 1998 / 1 AUG 1998 / 1 SEP 1998 / 1 OCT 1998 / / POST ####################### POST section begins here ##################### CONVERT We convert the output to ParaView compatible format. RPTPOST TIMESEC PRES SLIQ SGAS SSOL #ELEVTN / We save these parameters variation POSTBLOC with time in the grid blocks: 1 1 30 / (1,1,30); 2 1 30 / (2,1,30); (i,j,k) 1 1 29 / (1,1,29); 1 1 31 / (1,1,31); 1 1 19 / (1,1,19). / RPTPOST NOTHING TIMESEC FGIPM FGIPGM FGIPLM DAY MONTH YEAR / We save consolidated report for the POSTFLD field data. / RPTPOST NOTHING TIMESEC SMIR#2 SMIT#2 / We save consolidated report for the POSTSRC INJECTOR. INJECTOR / / RPTPOST NOTHING TIMESEC FLUX#1 FLUX#2 / POSTBCON We save reports for the fluxes 1 1 30 2* 2 1 30 / from (1,1,30) into (2,1,30); 1 1 30 2* 1 1 29 / from (1,1,30) into (1,1,29); 1 1 30 2* 1 1 31 / from (1,1,30) into (1,1,31); 1 1 29 2* 1 1 30 / from (1,1,29) into (1,1,30). / POSTSPEC 1* GASSTORE-TEST4.SAT-X500.CSV 54 / RPTPOST NOTHING #ELEVTN SGAS #XCOORD / We save distribution of gas at 500 m POSTBLK distance from the axis of symmetry. 15 1 34 / 15 1 33 / 15 1 32 / 15 1 31 / 15 1 30 / 15 1 29 / 15 1 28 / 15 1 27 / 15 1 26 / 15 1 25 / 15 1 24 / 15 1 23 / 15 1 22 / 15 1 21 / 15 1 20 / 15 1 19 / 15 1 18 / 15 1 17 / 15 1 16 / 15 1 15 / 15 1 14 / 15 1 13 / 15 1 12 / 15 1 11 / 15 1 10 / 15 1 9 / 15 1 8 / 15 1 7 / 15 1 6 / 15 1 5 / 15 1 4 / 15 1 3 / 15 1 2 / 15 1 1 / / END ######################################################################